Dough retainer or trough.



I. B. GOLDEN.

DOUGH RETAINER 0R TROUGH.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 13, 1912.

1 40,929. Patented 0011.8, 1912.

axfiyam. ZZWI M, #w W IRVING B. GOLDEN, 0F TOLEDO, OHIO.

DOUGH RETAINER OR TROUGH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 8, 1912.

Application filed J'u'ne 13, 1912. Serial No. 703,419.

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, IRVING B. GOLDEN, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, haveinvented a certain new and useful Dough Retainer or 'llrough; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference markedthereon, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to apparatus employed in connection with themanufacture of bread, and has particular reference to improvements inthe means employed for bold ing the dough during the fermentation andrising stage.

In the making of bread, the dough, after being thoroughly mixed andkneaded, is placed in the retainer or trough to permit its fermentation.The fermentation stage is the most important stage in bread making, asthe making of wholesome and uniform bread, which is of even and properflavor, texture, appearance and color, depends upon the success of thefermentation process. Under the present conditions and methods of makingbread, so far as I am aware, the dough is uncertain, and reachesVtlllOllS:

stages of fermentation, such as the alcoholic, acetous and putrefactivestages, depending largely upon the temperature of the dough duringfermentation. which is the one desired, produces a light and porousbread of even texture and fine grain and color. The acetous stage, whenpresent in proper amounts, improves the,

flavor of the bread, but, as soon as the dough becomes hot or cold,retards the alcoholic:

fermentation and the resultant bread will be heavy and poor in quality.The putrefactive, or last stage of fermentation, occasionally causeswhat is dreaded and termed rope in bread, the result of excessive heatand strong and early fermentation. In the making of breads from thevarious kinds of doughs, as white, rye, sweet, water, hearth, andsalt-rising, and those known under the latest scientific development inbread making as straight doughs, and also doughs for the older types ofsponge breads, it is important to keep the doughs at certain con- Thealcoholic stage,

stant predetermined temperatures during fOI'ITlQHlZItlOI], thetemperature for the different doughs varying according to requirements.

The object of my invention is to facilitate and improve upon the presentbread making methods by the provision of means, in combination with adough retainer or trough, which enables the interior temperature thereofto be regulated to a nicety to permit a control of the fermentingaction, as desired, and enables the obtaining and holding of the exactdegree of temperature required for any special or individual dough toproduce auniform bread, which is wholesome and even in flavor, texture,appearance and color.

The invention is fully described in the following specification, andwhile, in its broader aspect, it is capable of embodiment in numerousforms, a preferred embodiment thereof is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which,-

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a dough trough or retainer embodyingthe invention, with portions broken away. Fig. 2 is an enlargedcross-section thereof, and Fig. 3 is a reduced horizontal longitudinalsection of the same with the central portion broken away.

The dough retainer or trough embodying my invention is shown, in thepresent instance, as being of elongated trough-like form with its bottomand sides formed of the spaced inner and outer walls or shells 1 and 2of sheet metal, or other suitable material, which walls cooperate toform a U- shaped chamber 3 the entire length of the retainer. The wallsor shells 1 and 2 are held in proper spaced relation at their top edgesand ends by spacing strips 4:, as indicated.

The chamber 3 is intended to receive a set of forwardly and backwardlyextending pipes, one being for the passage of hot water, steam, or othersuitable heating medium, and the other for the passage of cold water, orother suitable cooling medium, whereby the temperature within thechamber 3, and the consequent temperature of the interior of theretainer, can be regulated to a nicety by the passage of one or theother or both of such mediums in proper proportion through therespective pipes. The pipes 5 and 6, which may be termed the heating andcooling pipes, respectively, of the apparatus, have their inlet ends atone end of the retainer, as at 5 and 6 respectively and thence extendforward and backward within the chamber 3 throughout the length thereofin alternating pairs, which preferably continue from one top edge to theother top edge of such chamber.

In the preferred arrangement of the pipes they extend from one end tothe other of the chamber 3 in adj acent parallel relation, with thereturn length of the pipe 6 lying adjacent to and disposed with itscompanion between the forwardly extending and return lengths of the pipe5. The pipe 5 then turns and extends forwardly again in adj acent relation to the return length thereof and is dis posed with such returnlength between the said return length of the pipe 6 and the nextforwardly extending length thereof, the lengths ofthe two pipescontinuing in this alternating-pair relation throughout the breadth ofthe chamber 3, as shown in the drawing. When the pipes have thustraversed forward and backward from the upper portion of one side of thechamber 3 to the upper portion of the other side thereof they have theirexit from an end thereof, as at 5* and 6 The arrangement of the pipes inthis manner enables the interior temperature of the retainer to beregulated to a nicety and evenly maintained throughout the entire areathereof as the heating and cooling fluids may be passed through therespective pipes, as desired for such purpose. A cover, not shown, is intended to be placed over the open top of the retainer when in use toclose the same to the outside temperature. The retainer is preferablymounted on casters 7 to render the same easily portable.

By providing a dough retainer or trough with this form of temperatureregulating means it is possible to easily regulate the temperature asthe various doughs may require and to maintain the same constant duringthe fermentive stage so that the proper state of fermentation may beobtained to produce light and porous bread of even texture and finegrain and color.

I wish it understood that the invent-ion is not limited to anyparticular arrangement or construction of the parts except in so mit aregulation of the interior temperature I of the apparatus. I k 2. Anapparatus of the class described having a chamber which encompasses thedough retaining compartment thereof, and. separate non-communicatingpassages for heating and cooling fluids extending to and fro within saidchamber in alternating pairs throughout substantially the entire area ofthe chamber to permit an even regulation of the temperature within thecompartment.

3. A. dough retainer having its sides and bottom formed with spacedinner and outer shells forming a closed U-shaped chamber around thedough compartment, a pipe for a heating fluid extending forward andbackward within said chamber lengthwise there. of and from one topportion tothe other top portion thereof, said pipe having its inletadjacent to one top portion and its outlet adjacent to the other topportion of such chamber, and a pipe for a cooling fluid extendingforward and backward through said chamber lengthwise of and from one topportion to the other top portion of said chamber with its lengthsarranged in adj acentpairs which alternate with adjacent pairs of thelengths of the other pipe, said cooling medium pipe having its inletadjacent to one top portion of the chamber and its outlet adjacent tothe other top portion thereof, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name to thisspecification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

IRVING B. GOLDEN.

Witnesses C. W. OWEN,

FLORENCE AUL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of .Eatents. Washington, D. C.

